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And whenever you fast, do not put on a gloomy face as the hypocrites do, for they neglect their appearance in order to be seen fasting by men. Truly I say to you, they have their reward in full. (NASB) Matt. 6:16

Jesus' Response. Do you ever wish that you could go back in time and experience an event in history? This is one of those occasions for me. In my mind I can imagine Jesus and His disciples feasting while the Pharisees are fasting with long gloomy faces, uncombed hair, and shabby clothes. The Pharisees must have been peaking inside Matthew’s house or watching the party from outside. They were unhappy guys. So they asked, “Why are you feasting?
Jesus’ reply to them was great.

And Jesus said to them, “You cannot make the attendants of the bridegroom fast while the bridegroom is with them, can you? But the days will come; and when the bridegroom is taken away from them, then they will fast in those days.” (NASB) Luke 5:34-35

Jesus implied that Matthew’s party was like a Jewish wedding. Weddings were supposed to be happy times. Jewish weddings were not a time of fasting and gloom. In fact, the rabbis had decreed that the bride, the bridegroom, and the wedding guests did not have to obey any religious observances because it was supposed to be a happy time. Wow, what does that say about their view of their religion? They as much as admitted that their religious duties were painful. The “attendants of the bridegroom,” who were the bridegroom’s groomsmen were supposed to be happy during the wedding, and the wedding did not end until the bride and bridegroom left.
 
Modern Day Wineskins
Modern Day Wineskins
 
So Jesus implied that He was like the bridegroom and His disciples were like the groomsmen at a wedding. Therefore, how could they be unhappy while He was there? The party was not over because He was still there.
Illustrations. Jesus had replied to their criticism with a great answer. We can be confident that the Pharisees did not like His response. With this last reply, Jesus and the Pharisees had disagreed on several major issues. Jesus was breaking all of their rules. The emotions were increasing at the time that Jesus said the following,

And He was also telling them a parable: “No one tears a piece of cloth from a new garment and puts it on an old garment; otherwise he will both tear the new, and the piece from the new will not match the old.” (NASB) Luke 5:36

His first parable is about a patched garment. The Greek word that Jesus uses for “new garment” refers to an unmilled piece of cloth which had not been shrunk. So if the patch had been sewed onto a garment and then repeatedly washed, the garment would eventually tear. The patch would only cause more trouble for the old garment.
Jesus’ second parable was about a wineskin.

“And no one puts new wine into old wineskins; otherwise the new wine will burst the skins and it will be spilled out, and the skins will be ruined. But new wine must be put into fresh wineskins.” (NASB) Luke 5:37-38

In Jesus’ day, wine was fermented in animal skins - wineskins. The fermentation process caused the skins to stretch and expand. If the old, dry wineskins were used again with new wine, they would expand again and eventually burst or split open. That is, the skin could not be used again.
 
     
 
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